Counting Heads or Casting Lots ?
نویسنده
چکیده
There is nothing new in deciding controversial issues by majority vote, but it is probably not as old as the use of lotteries in matters of distributive, retributive, and ‘elective’ justice. Probably under the influence of Assyrian practices of aleatoric selection, the ancient Israelites used lotteries in a wide range of circumstances as is attested by numerous references in the Old Testament.1 Thus, to take only three random examples: the promised land was distributed between the twelve tribes by means of lot (distributive justice); Akhan, who committed the crime of taking the enemy’s spoils, is identified and then punished through a complex lottery procedure (retributive justice); and Saul, the first king of Israel, is selected by a similar multi-phase lottery (elective justice).2 As a matter of fact, lotteries seem to
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